Cancer: Types, Symptoms, and Reason – healthytalk8

Cancer

Cancer is a group of cells involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body.

These contrast with benign tumours, which do not spread, the risk of signs and symptoms include a lump, abnormal bleeding, cough, headache, back pain, etc.   

In addition, worldwide there are 100 + cancer that tremendously affects human life.

Melanoma Cancer

The most serious type of skin cancer develops in the cells called melanocytes which produce melanin (the pigment that gives your skin its colour).

Melanoma can also form inside your body such as in the throat or perhaps from the eyes.

The causes of melanoma are not clear, but sunlight radiation and environmental change may increase the risk of melanoma, and UV radiation and chemotherapy are used to eliminate it from the body.   

Causes

Changes in the environment and possibly the distribution of the combination of factors can cause melanoma.

However, some still believe that the sun’s strong rays (UV radiation) are negatively affecting everyone living on the earth due to global warming.

Symptoms

• A change in an existing mole
• Reddening of skin from new pigments or elsewhere on the skin.

The risk of melanoma seems to be increasing in people under 40, especially women.  

Melanoma is a type of cancer, that can develop anywhere in your body. It is more common in people with darker skin.

They most often develop in the area that has had exposure to the sun, such as your back, legs, arms, and face.  

Melanoma can also occur in areas that are not exposed to the sun. like under the nails on the palms, and also on the feet.

Bladder cancer

This begins when the healthy cells in the bladder layer produce more cells a change into urothelial cells that grow out of control due to overgrowth that forms a tumour.  

Bladder cancer develops in the renal pelvis and uterus and is often called upper tract bladder cancer. 

• Muscle-invasive: muscle-invasion bladder develops in the cells of the bladder wall and sometimes it forms a fatty layer outside the bladder. 

• Non-muscle invasion: non-muscle invasion bladder cancer typically has grown into the lamina propria and not into muscle cancer may also be called superficial cancer.
  • However, the term is rarely used because here it can sometimes be incorrectly stated that this type of cancer is not very serious.

NOTE: it is vital that the non-muscle-invasion bladder can spread into the bladder muscle or to the parts of the body. 

Causes

This begins when cells in the bladder develop changes in their DNA cells. the changes show the cell to multiply rapidly and to go on living when healthy cells would die.

• Smoking
• Chronic bladder inflammation
• Family history
• Previous cancer treatment 

The abnormal cells form a tumour and attack and destroy other body cells, WBC, RBC, and platelets.   

If the bladder tumour has spread into the surrounding organs, such as the uterus and vagina in women, the prostate in men, and nearby muscles, it is called locally advanced disease.   

if it has spread into the liver, bones, lungs, lymph nodes outside the pelvis or other parts of the body, the cancer is called metastatic disease.

Symptoms

• Blood or blood clots in the urine 
• Pain and burning sensation during urination
• Frequent urination 

Kidney Cancer

The kidney filters blood to remove impurities, excess minerals and salts, and extra water.

NOTE: Every day kidneys filter about 200 quarts of blood to generate 2 quarts of urine.   

The kidney also produces hormones that help control blood pressure, red blood cell production, and other bodily functions.  

This begins when healthy kidney cells change abnormally and produce more cells than they do daily and become out of control, forming a renal cortical tumour.

This malignant tumour can cause and can spread to other parts of the body within weeks.

Learn – kidney Stones: Reason, Food, Signs, And More Extra

Causes

• Smoking (cigarettes, tobacco, bidi)
• kidney diseases
• Hypertension
• kidney stone

Indolent is a tumour that grows slowly but does not spread to other parts of the body and until then you may be thinking about how to treat it. 

Similarly, ulcers are also considered indolent which means it is present but not the cause of pain.

• Renal cell carcinoma
• Urothelial carcinoma
• Sarcoma
• Wilms tumor
• Lymphoma

Symptoms  

If you see anything like this talk to your doctor immediately. the symptoms don’t need to be definitely from kidney cancer.  

• Blood in urine
• Pain and pressure on the kidney side
• High blood pressure
• Fatigue
• Loss of appetite
• weight loss
• Swelling of the ankles and legs

If you experience this type of sign, please contact your doctor immediately.

Colorectal Cancer

The tumour can be cancerous or benign a cancerous tumour is malignant, meaning it can grow and spread to other parts of the body.

A benign tumour means the tumour can grow but will not spread, and these changes usually take years to develop.

Both genetic and environmental factors can cause the changes, however, when a person has an uncommon inherited syndrome.  

Colorectal cancer begins in the colon and rectum.

This happens due to irregular changes in cells called the colon, and rectal cancer occurs in the rectum.

Causes

For our body to function normally ‘healthy normal cells and tissue’ have to work together in an orderly.

But when any cells change abnormally those cells are produced more than daily.  

These cells then take the form of cancer over time invade and destroy the normal cells and tissues around them. and some other reasons:

• Daily hard food (unhealthy food)
• Older age
• Family history of colon
• Diabetes
• Excessive alcohol

Colorectal cancer types most often begin as a polyp, a noncancerous growth that may develop on the inner wall of the colon or rectum as people get older.

If not treated or removed, a polyp can become a potentially life-threatening cancer.

Symptoms 

People with this may experience the following signs including are:

• Feeling that the bowel did not empty
• Diarrhea, constipation, acidity 
• Dark blood in the stool
• Stool that looks narrower or thinner than normal
• Weight loss without reason
• Weakness and fatigue

If any of these symptoms last for several weeks or become more severe.

If you are concerned about any changes you experience, please talk with your doctor.

The Common Types of Cancer Found in India

Breast Cancer

The breast is made up of very fatty tissue, within this tissue is a network of lobes, each lobe is made up of tiny, tube-like structures which contain milk.

This is the first common cancer in Indian women between the ages of 30 -45 years at a higher risk of breast cancer.

This grows into adjacent organs or other parts of the body or when breast cancer cells move to other parts of the body through the blood vessels and lymph vessels. this is called metastatic.

Learn – Blocked Milk Duct: Reasons, Symptoms, How To Treat It, Prevention

Causes

Researchers have shown that identifying hormones, lifestyle, environment, and food may increase your risk of breast cancer.

Some other reasons include:

• Increasing age
• Family history of breast cancer
• Radiation therapy

Al thought breast cancer most commonly spreads to nearby lymph nodes.

It can also spread further through the body to areas such as the bones, lungs, liver, and brain. this is called metastatic or stage 4.

Types of breast cancer include:

1. Ductal carcinoma: these start in cells lining the milk ducts and makes up the majority of breast cancers.
2. Invasion lobular carcinoma: It started in the lobules and has spread outside of the lobules. 

The less common types’ of breast cancer include:

• Medullary
• Mucinous
• Tubular
• Metaplastic
• Papillary

Cervical cancer

Cervical cancers start in a woman’s cervix, which is the lower, narrow part of the uterus.   

The uterus inhibits the growing fetus during pregnancy and the cervix stays connected to the lower part of the uterus that connects with the vagina and forms the birth canal with the vagina.  

There are two types of cervical cancer, named for the type of cell where the cancer started:

• Squamous cell carcinoma: These start in the cells on the outer surface covering the cervix, and make up about 80% to 90% of all cervical cancers.
• Adenocarcinoma: This begins in glandular cells that line the lower birth canal, and make up 10% to 20% of all cervical cancers.

This is the second most common cancer in India. (it has 77,300 cases annually being reported) 22.87% of all cancer cases in women and 12% in both men and women.   

Rural women are at great risk of cervical cancer as the risk of dirt, dust, and soil increases during their work.  

Causes

Long-term infection with certain types of (HPV) human papillomavirus can be a serious cause of cervical cancer.

HPV is a common virus that can pass from one person to another person through intercourse. 

Cervical cancer is caused by human papillomavirus (HPV), which is sexually transmitted.

This is the third-largest cause of cancer mortality in India accounting for nearly 10% of all cancer-related deaths in the country.

Symptoms

• Bleeding that is longer and heavier than usual
• Bleeding after intercourse, and douching
• Pain during intercourse
• Bleeding after menopause

Lung Cancer

This is the most common cancer diagnosed worldwide. it is also the foremost contributor to cancer-related mortality, resulting in 1.40 deaths per year worldwide.  

This is the fourth most common in “India“. 

Smoking (cigarettes) tobacco, both are major reasons for lung cancer, and it is a major healthcare problem in India. 

Lung cancer originates from the tissue of the lung, usually from cells lining the air passages. there are two main types: 

1. Small-cell lung (SCLC) 
2. Non-small cell lung (NSCLC)

Causes

People with smoke have a higher risk of lung cancer and most people who don’t smoke are also affected by lung disease.

Because they are at second-hand smoking risk, increasing pollution is one of the common reasons of lung cancer after smoking.

It can spread to a distant part of the body through the blood and lymphatic vessels this is called metastasis.

Nearly 40% of those people newly diagnosed with lung cancer already have metastasis to other parts of the body for example liver, bone, brain, adrenal gland, etc.  

Symptoms

If someone suffers from these types of symptoms and signs please contact your doctors they know very well, the symptoms and signs include:

• Cough
• Shortness of breathing
• Chest pain
• Loss of appetite
• Cough in blood
• Swelling of the neck or face
• Fatigue

Throat Cancer

Throat cancer refers to cancerous tumours that develop in your throat (pharynx), voice box (larynx), or tonsils.  

Your throat is a muscular tube that begins in your nose and ends in your neck.

Throat cancer most often begins in the flat cells that line the inside of your throat.   

Your voice box is made of cartilage the vocal cords that vibrate to make a sound when you talk.

This can also affect the piece of cartilage (epiglottis) that acts as a lead for the windpipe.

Causes

This is also like all other cancers and due to genetic changes in the cells of the throat, the cells start growing uncontrollably.  

Due to this normal health cells begin to disturb or destroy and form tumors in the throat which later become cancerous.   

Symptoms

• Cough 
• changes in your voice, such as hoarseness
• difficulty swallowing 
• ear pain
• sore throat
• lump in your throat

Risk 

• Tobacco use, including smoking, bidi
• excessive alcohol
• lack of diet, fruit, and vegetables
• gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

Down Line

Cancer is the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells anywhere in a body. these abnormal cells would later take the form of cancer.  

When any cells change abnormally the cells are produced more than daily.

Vomiting of blood, blood in the stools, headache, back pain, stomach pain, and vision changes.

If you see any such symptoms that do not go well after a few weeks and days, then you should see your doctor so that he can treat them as soon as possible.